Semester
V
8 courses · 25 credits
Endocrinology and Toxicology
Endocrinology intro; Hypothalamic-Pituitary axis; Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal glands; Pancreas & glucose regulation (Insulin/Glucagon, DM Type 1/2); Reproductive hormones (PCOS, infertility, menopause); Endocrine disorders & diagnostic techniques (RIA, ELISA); Toxicology intro; Corrosive & irritant poisons; Neurotoxins & heavy metals; Environmental & industrial toxicology; Pesticides; Lathyrism
Research Methodology
Research types (qualitative/quantitative); Variables; Research design (observational/experimental); Sampling methods (probability/non-probability); Sample size & statistical power; Data collection (surveys, interviews); Statistics (chi-square, t-test, distributions); Literature review & referencing; Research proposal, thesis writing, poster & oral presentations
Cytogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics
Nucleic acid structure (DNA double helix, RNA types); Gene expression (replication, transcription, translation); Chromosomes & cytogenetic techniques (karyotyping, spectral karyotyping); Chromosomal abnormalities; Molecular diagnostics (PCR, qPCR, blotting techniques, FISH); Genetic disorder diagnosis (sickle cell, CML, thalassemia); Body fluids; Stem cell banking & HLA typing; Nucleic acid purification, gel electrophoresis, gene therapy, microarrays, tumor markers
Recombinant DNA Technology
Restriction enzymes (Class I/II/III; star activity); DNA modifying enzymes (ligase, phosphatase, RT); Cloning vectors (plasmids, phage lambda, cosmids, YACs, BACs); Gene libraries (genomic, cDNA); Screening (colony hybridization, immunological); DNA sequencing (Sanger, Maxam-Gilbert); PCR types (conventional, RT-PCR, multiplex); Gel electrophoresis (agarose, SDS-PAGE); Applications (insulin, Hep B vaccine, growth hormone); Ethical/social/environmental issues
Cancer Biology
Cancer definition, characteristics, causes (chemical carcinogens, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes); Apoptosis in cancer; Free radicals (types, generation, diseases); Oxidative stress & lipid peroxidation; Antioxidants (Vitamin C, E, carotenoids, flavonoids); Enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase); Cancer prevention & chemoprevention
Recombinant DNA Technology Lab
Plasmid DNA isolation from E. coli; Restriction enzyme digestion; Agarose gel electrophoresis & fragment size estimation; Preparation of competent cells; Transformation & estimation of transformation efficiency
Endocrinology and Toxicology Lab
T3 concentration determination (serum); T4 concentration determination (serum); TSH determination; LH determination; FSH determination; Prolactin (PRL) concentration; Triple test; Male & female infertility hormone demonstration; Beta-HCG determination
Clinical Posting (Sem V)
Clinical lab rotation; Punctuality & professional conduct; Case record maintenance; Case presentation during rounds; OT manners; Patient rapport; Assistance in operative procedures; 4 months per semester rotation